Functions in Python with multiple examples

 In Python, a function is a block of organized, reusable code that performs a specific task. Functions help in modularizing code, making it more readable, and reducing code duplication. Here are multiple examples of functions in Python:

1. Basic Function:

A simple function that adds two numbers and returns the result.

```python
def add_numbers(a, b):
    result = a + b
    return result

# Calling the function
sum_result = add_numbers(5, 3)
print(sum_result)  # Output: 8
```

2. Function with Default Argument:

A function with a default argument. If the argument is not provided, it uses the default value.

```python
def greet(name="Guest"):
    print("Hello, " + name)

greet()  # Output: Hello, Guest
greet("John")  # Output: Hello, John
```

3. Function with Keyword Arguments:

A function that accepts arguments with specific keywords.

```python
def display_info(name, age):
    print("Name:", name)
    print("Age:", age)

display_info(name="John", age=30)
# Output:
# Name: John
# Age: 30
```

4. Function with Variable-Length Arguments:

A function that accepts a variable number of arguments using `*args`.

```python
def sum_all(*args):
    result = sum(args)
    return result

total = sum_all(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
print(total)  # Output: 15
```

5. Recursive Function:

A function that calls itself to calculate the factorial of a number.

```python
def factorial(n):
    if n == 0:
        return 1
    else:
        return n * factorial(n-1)

result = factorial(5)
print(result)  # Output: 120
```

6. Lambda Function:

A lambda function is a small anonymous function defined using the `lambda` keyword.

```python
square = lambda x: x**2
print(square(5))  # Output: 25

add = lambda a, b: a + b
print(add(3, 7))  # Output: 10
```

7. Function with Multiple Return Values:

A function that returns multiple values using tuples.

```python
def get_info():
    name = "John"
    age = 30
    occupation = "Engineer"
    return name, age, occupation

name, age, occupation = get_info()
print("Name:", name)
print("Age:", age)
print("Occupation:", occupation)
# Output:
# Name: John
# Age: 30
# Occupation: Engineer
```

8. Function with Global Variables:

Using global variables inside a function.

```python
x = 10

def increment_x():
    global x
    x += 1

increment_x()
print(x)  # Output: 11
```

Functions are a fundamental concept in Python programming, and they allow you to organize code, make it reusable, and create complex functionality by combining multiple functions together.